The idea of constructing cross-border railway links between Bhutan and India has been floating around for many years now. In fact, Bhutan and India signed an agreement in 2005 to connect the bordering towns of the two countries through railway links. It received renewed attention when the former Prime Minister of India, Dr Manmohan Singh, announced the Nehru Golden Jubilee railway link during his state visit to Bhutan in 2008.
However, despite numerous bilateral discussions, the plan fizzled out. And that was it. There was no tangible progress on the railway project.
Against this backdrop, the signing of a Memorandum of Understanding in March earlier this year between the two countries, attended by Prime Minister Tshering Tobgay and Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi, is a major step forward. This has given a fresh impetus to the Bhutan-India cross-border railway project.
Given the political commitment from both the countries, there is no doubt about its successful execution this time. The seriousness is also reflected by the ongoing feasibility studies for both the 70-kilometre Gelephu to Kokrajhar and the 16-kilometre Samtse-Banarhat railway links, which has been swiftly undertaken.
These railway projects mean more than just bilateral cooperation in infrastructure between the two friendly countries. In fact, it is a manifestation of trust and confidence in the evolving partnership between the two nations.
The broader socio-economic benefits of these projects for trade, tourism, and cross-border movement of goods and people can never be sufficiently highlighted.
The railways will provide more efficient and cost-effective means of transporting goods across the border, addressing numerous challenges of cross-border trade. The logistical improvements will undoubtedly enhance trade and economic activities. The enhanced connectivity will also open new avenues for businesses in both the markets.
A particularly compelling reason for the construction of the Gelephu railway link is the pivotal role it will play in the development of the planned Gelephu Mindfulness City. This ambitious project, envisioned by His Majesty the King, is unlike any other project, and the railway will play a significant role in achieving this vision.
Realising these railway projects requires a strong commitment from both Bhutan and India. The feasibility studies and detailed project reports are crucial first steps, but they must be followed by swift and decisive implementation.
Just as before, there would be challenges this time as well. Issues related to land acquisition and environmental concerns arising on both sides of the border must be navigated carefully and expediently. As both the countries look to the future, it is imperative that they work together to bring these projects to fruition.
By moving beyond rhetoric and committing to real action, Bhutan and India can forge a new path of cooperation with the Bhutan-India cross-border railway connectivity.